Roman Architecture :: essays research papers

The papists gained much of their engineering skill from the Etruscans and drew on Etruscan and Asian models for the semicircular fuddled. From them, the Romans learned the use of the keystone arch, which enabled them to build exceedingly strong and durable structures. Many of these engineering and architectural projects are facilitate standing. Some are still in use after devil thousand years like this link up in Spain. Early Roman architects were influenced by Greek post-and-head construction. But the Greek design was limited in its capabilities to cover large distances and being able to bear heavy rafts while not falling down of its own weight. Post and lintel construction comprises a flat piece of stone bridging a station between two upright supports. Post and lintel supports have a flaw. When a heavy weight is placed on the middle of the span too much stress may be put on the stone and it can break in the middle. The Romans solved this problem by using a type of constr uction called voussoir arch with keystone. The engineering normal of the arch is quite simple. The circle is the strongest structural shape. The arch is just one-half of this perfect form. To create a voussoir arch, tapered stone blocks were cut then(prenominal) arranged like the diagram at the right. It was then stood up on its ends. The ends rested on piers made of stone blocks or bricks mortared together with pozzolana cementum in the typical Roman arch bridge. The cement was named after a local mountain that the ingredients of the cement came from. The weight of the stone and concrete of the bridge itself compressed the tapered stones together, making the arch an extremely strong structure. During construction, the voussoirs were back up by a temporary wooden frame until the keystone was inserted. The Roman invention of the arch allowed architects to build larger structures than ever before. The extension of the arch idea lead to the development of domes, alcoves, and soffits . The arches and its derivatives were also employed in triumphant Arches, aqueducts, bridges, houses, theaters, exedra, nynpheum, basilicas, thermal baths and temples.